Analysis of Battery Charging System Performance in Electric Conversion Vehicles

The development of electric vehicle technology drives the need for an efficient, safe, and reliable battery charging system. This study aims to analyze the performance of the battery charging system in electric vehicles using an AC voltage source as the main source and DC as a backup source. This system is designed using a 48 V 15 A Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS) as the main source, and a boost converter to increase the voltage to 57.3 VDC, according to the charging tolerance of a 48 V 20 Ah Li-ion battery. The charging process is carried out using the Constant Current–Constant Voltage (CC–CV) method and is equipped with a Battery Management System (BMS) and an XH-M604 cut-off module to prevent overcharge. The test results show that the fast charging system is able to charge the battery from 60% to 80% in approximately 60 minutes with an average current of 11.2 A and an energy consumption of 641.76 Wh. Vehicle performance testing on various terrain variations shows an average energy requirement of approximately 95.6 Wh per kilometer. A multi-layered protection system ensures safe charging against the risks of overcurrent, overvoltage, and overheating. Based on analysis, the designed charging system has proven effective and efficient for use in electric conversion vehicles. The use of an SMPS and boost converter allows for increased charging speeds without compromising battery safety.